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Çѱ¹ÀÚ¿ø½Ä¹°ÇÐȸ / v.15, no.3, 2002³â, pp.177-187
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º À¯ÀüÀÚ ÁýÀû¿¡ µû¸¥ ÁöÁúÇÔ·® Ư¼º
( Lipid Contents Characteristics of Gene Accumulate in Rice ) |
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| ƯÁ¤ÇÑ Çö¹ÌÀÇ Ç¥ÇöÇüÀ» º¸À̸ç, ÁöÁúÇÔ·®ÀÌ ¿øÇ°Á¾ÀÎ Kinmaze º¸´Ù´Â ³ôÀº °Å´ë¹è(EM 40)¿Í µÎ²¨¿î È£ºÐÃþ(LO 1050)°ú Çö¹ÌÀÇ ¸³ÇüÀÌ ÀÛÀº¸³(TAL 214)¿¡ Ç¥ÇöÇüÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â µ¹¿¬º¯ÀÌ °èÅëµéÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀÌ°Íµé °£¿¡ ƯÁ¤ÇÑ À¯ÀüÀÚÀÇ ÁýÀûÀ» À¯µµÇÏ°í »óÈ£ Á¤¿ª±³¹è(Reciprocal cross)¸¦ ½Ç½ÃÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, ±× °á°ú¿¡ µû¶ó ÁöÁúÇÔ·®ÀÌ ³ô¾ÆÁö´Â °èÅëÀ» ¼±¹ßÇϰí ÀÌ¿ëÇÒ ¸ñÀûÀ¸·Î º» ½ÇÇèÀ» ¼öÇàÇÏ¿´´Ù ¶ÇÇÑ ÀϺΠ¿µ¾çÀûÀÎ Ãø¸é¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Æ¯¼ºµµ Á¶»çÇÏ¿© º¸°íÀÚ Áö¹æ»ê Á¶¼º¿¡ ´ëÇØ¼µµ ÃøÁ¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀÌµé °á°ú´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°ÀÌ ¿ä¾àÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. 1, °Å´ë¹è µ¹¿¬º¯ÀÌ¿Í µÎ²¨¿î È£ºÐÃþ µ¹¿¬º¯ÀÌ °èÅë°£ÀÇ ±³¹èÁ¶ÇÕ¿¡¼´Â °Å´ë¹èÀÇ ¹ßÇöÀº È£ºÐÃþÀÇ µÎ²²¿Í´Â ¾Æ¹«·± ¿µÇâÀÌ ¾ø´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µÀ¸¸ç, °Å´ë¹è.µÎ²¨¿î È£ºÐÃþ F$_2$°³Ã¼ÀÇ ÁöÁúÇÔ·®Àº 4.15 %À» ³ªÅ¸³»¾ú´Ù. ÀÌ¿Í °°ÀÌ ³ôÀº ÁöÁúÇÔ·® ¼öÄ¡´Â KinmazeÀ» Æ÷ÇÔ °¢°¢ÀÇ ±³¹è¸ðº»µé¿¡ ÁöÁúÇÔ·®°ú º» ½ÇÇè¿¡¼ »ç¿ëµÈ ´Ù¸¥ ¾î´À ±³¹èÁ¶ÇÕ º¸´Ùµµ ³ôÀº ÇÔ·®¼öÄ¡¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³»¾ú´Ù. ³ôÀº ÁöÁúÇÔ·®À» º¸ÀÌ´Â ¿øÀÎÀ¸·Î´Â ÁöÁúÀÇ °æ¿ì Çö¹ÌÀÇ ¹èºÎºÐ¿¡ ¸¹ÀÌ ÃàÀûµÇ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¾Ë·ÁÁ® ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î, °Å´ë¹è.µÎ²¨¿îÈ£ºÐÃþ F$_2$°³Ã¼´Â ¹èÀÇ Å©±â¸¦ Å©°ÔÇÏ´Â À¯ÀüÀÚ¿Í È£ºÐÃþÀ» µÎ²®°Ô ÇÏ´Â À¯ÀüÀÚÀÇ ÁýÀû¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ °á°ú·Î ±× Á¶°ÇÀ» ÃæºÐÈ÷ °®Ãá °ÍÀ¸·Î ÆÇ´ÜµÈ´Ù. 2. °Å´ë¹è µ¹¿¬º¯ÀÌ¿Í ÀÛÀº¸³ÀÇ ±³¹èÁ¶ÇÕ¿¡¼´Â °Å´ë¹è.ÀÛÀº¸³ F$_2$°³Ã¼ÀÇ ÁöÁúÇÔ·®ÀÌ 3.80 %À¸·Î ÀÛÀº¸³ ±³¹è¸ðº»ÀÇ 2.92 %º¸´Ù 0.88 %°¡ ³ô°Ô ³ªÅ¸³µÁö¸¸, ÁöÁúÇÔ·® Áõ°¡ÀÇ Á¤µµ´Â ´Ù¸¥2°³ÀÇ ±³¹èÁ¶ÇÕ¿¡ ºñÇÏ¿© ³·°Ô ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯·Î´Â ÀÛÀº ¸³ÀÇ Ç¥ÇöÇüÀ» º¸ÀÌ´Â À¯ÀüÀÚÀÇ ¿µÇâÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇÏ¿© °Å´ë¹è°¡ ¿ø·¡ÀÇ ¹èÀÇ Å©±â¿¡ ºñÇØ Á¶±Ý ÀÛ¾ÆÁø °Í¿¡ ±âÀÎÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¿©°ÜÁø´Ù. 3. µÎ²¨¿î È£ºÐÃþ.ÀÛÀº¸³ F$_2$°³Ã¼ÀÇ È£ºÐÃþ¿¡ µÎ²²´Â ÀÛÀº¸³ÀÇ ±³¹è¸ðº»¿¡ ºñÇÏ¿© 12 $mu extrm{m}$°¡ µÎ²®°Ô ³ªÅ¸³µÀ¸³ª, µÎ²¨¿î È£ºÐÃþÀÇ ±³¹è¸ðº»¿¡ ºñÇØ¼´Â 6 $mu extrm{m}$°¡ ¾ã°Ô ³ªÅ¸³µ´Âµ¥, ÀÌ¿Í °°Àº °á°ú´Â È£ºÐÃþÀÇ µÎ²²´Â Çö¹ÌÀÇ Å©±â¿¡ ÀϺΠ¿µÇâÀ» ¹Þ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ¿©°ÜÁø´Ù. µÎ²¨¿î È£ºÐÃþ.ÀÛÀº¸³ F$_2$ °³Ã¼¿¡ Çö¹ÌÀÇ Ç¥ÇöÇüÀº TAL 214°ú °°Àº ÀÛÀº¸³ÀÇ Ç¥ÇöÇüÀ» º¸ÀÎ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¿©°ÜÁø´Ù. 4. ÁöÁúÇÔ·®ÀÇ °æ¿ì´Â 3.85 %·Î °¢°¢ÀÇ ±³¹è¸ðº» TAL 214 2.92 %, LO 1050 3.01 %¿¡ ºñÇÏ¿© 0.93 %, 0.84 %°¡ Áõ°¡ÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù. ÀÌ¿Í °°Àº °á°ú´ÂLO 1050ÀÇ È£ºÐÃþ¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¿µÇâÀ¸·Î ¿©°ÜÁö¸ç, Çö¹ÌÀÇ ¹èÀÇ Å©±â´Â LO 1050 ¸¸Å Å©Áö´Â ¾Ê¾Æµµ µÎ²¨¿î È£ºÐÃþÀÇ À¯ÀüÀÚ ÁýÀûÀÇ È¿°ú°¡ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ÆÇ´ÜµÈ´Ù. ÁöÁúÇÔ·®ÀÌ »ó½Â½Ã۴µ¥µµ ÀÌ¿Í °°Àº À¯ÀüÀÚ ÁýÀûÀÇ È¿°ú°¡ À¯È¿ÇÒ °ÍÀ¸·Î ¿©°ÜÁø´Ù. 5. Áö¹æ»ê Á¶¼ºÀº À־ ǰÁ¾ÀÎ Kinmaze¿Í °¢°¢ÀÇ ±³¹è¸ðº»ÀÇ °èÅë°ú ÀÌ µé F$_2$ °³Ã¼¿¡´Â ±× Â÷À̰¡ À¯ÀǼºÀ» º¸ÀÏ Á¤µµ´Â ¾Æ´Ï¿´´Ù. ±×·¯³ª, oleic acidÀÇ ÀϺΠÁõ°¡¿Í linoleic acidÀÇ ¹Ì¹ÌÇÑ °¨¼ÒµÇ´Â °æÇâÀ» º¸¿´´Ù. Linolenic acidµµ °¨¼Ò´Â º» ½ÇÇèÀÇ ÃÖÁ¾Àû °á°úÀÎ ÁöÁúÇÔ·® Áõ°¡¿Í ´õºÒ¾î Çö¹ÌÀÇ ÁöÁúÀ̿뿡 µµ¿òÀ» ÁÖ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î Áö¹æ»ê Á¶¼º¿¡µµ ƯÁ¤ÇÑ Ç¥ÇöÇüÀÇ ÇüÁúÀº À¯ÀüÀÚ ÁýÀû¿¡ µû¸¥ ǰÁúÀÇ º¯È¸¦ ½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â °¡´É¼ºÀ» Á¦½ÃÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù°í ¿©°ÜÁø´Ù. 6. ÇöÀç, °Å´ë¹è 1Çü(ge-1, 3.68 %), °Å´ë¹è 2Çü(ge-2,2.91 %), µÎ²¨¿î È£ºÐÃþ(4.63 %), ÀüºÐÃþ¿¡ ÁöÁúÇÔ·®ÀÌ ¸¹Àº °Í(3.44 %)µî ´Ù¾çÇÑ Ç¥ÇöÇüÀ» º¸ÀÌ´Â ¿©·¯ °¡Áö °èÅë¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© À¯ÀüÀÚ ÁýÀûÀ» È¿°ú¸¦ Á¶»çÇϰí ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î ºÀÇ ÁöÁúÇÔ·®ÀÌ ¸¹Àº ÆøÀ¸·Î Áõ´ëµÇ´Â °Í¿¡ ±â´ë¸¦ Çϰí ÀÖ´Ù. |
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| In our experiment, selected mutants were used which showed not only the phenotype of a specific unpolished rice but also phenotypes of EM 40, LO 1050, and TAL 214. Reciprocal crosses between the mutants were conducted to select strains which would have more quantity of lipids than before. The constitution of fatty acid was also tested to figure out nutritional aspects of the mutants. In the crossing between EM 40 mutants and mutants (LO 1050) having a thick aleurone layer, the expression of EM 40 mutants has no relation with the thickness of the aleurone layer. And the lipid content of new F$_2$ strains through the crossing is 4.15 £¥. The lipid content is larger than those of the parents including Kinmaze and in other crossings of this experiment. This is attributed to the fact that the new F$_2$ strains are the products of the crossing between genes responsible for the size of buds, where lipid is accumulated, and genes accountable for the thickness of the aleurone layer. In the crossing between EM 40 mutants and TAL 214 mutants, lipid content of the new F$_2$ strains is 3.8 £¥, higher than 2.92 £¥ of TAL 214 mutants. But the degree of lipid increase is smaller than in two other crossings. This is probably because genes expressing the phenotypes of TAL 214 affect the size of EM 40, which gets smaller. The aleurone layer of the new F$_2$ strains is 12 $mu extrm{m}$ thicker than the layer of TAL 214 mutants, but 6 $mu extrm{m}$ thinner than that of parents (LO 1050) having a thick aleurone layer. This seems to be affected by the size of a microscope. The phenotype of the new F$_2$ strains appears to be similar to that of TAL 214. The lipid content of the new F$_2$ strains is 3.85 £¥, larger than 2.92 £¥ of TAL 214 and 3.01 % of LO 1050. The increase may be due to the aleurone layer of LO 1050. And the size of the bud of the unpolished rice, though it is not big enough like that of LO 1050, seems to be affected by the accumulation of genes in the thick aleurone layer. The accumulation may contribute to the increase in the content of lipid. When it comes to the constitution of fatty acid, there is little difference between parents like Kinmaze and the new F$_2$ strains. But oleic acid increases while linoleic acid decreases. And the decrease in the linolenic acid seems to contribute to the increase in lipid content. This fact also raises the possibility that genes accountable for specific phenotypes could change the quality of rice if the genes are accumulated. Now, experiments on strains which have large lipid content in EM 40 type 1(ge-1, 3.68 £¥), EM type 2(ge-2, 2.91 £¥), thick aleurone layer(4.63 £¥), and starch layer(3.44 £¥) are under way to figure out the effects of gene accumulation. These experiments are likely to present the ways for increasing the lipid content. |
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| Ű¿öµå |
| Oryza sativa L.;Grain;Giant embryo;Aleuron layer;Reciprocal cross; |
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Çѱ¹ÀÚ¿ø½Ä¹°ÇÐȸÁö / v.15, no.3, 2002³â, pp.177-187
Çѱ¹ÀÚ¿ø½Ä¹°ÇÐȸ
ISSN : 1226-3591
UCI : G100:I100-KOI(KISTI1.1003/JNL.JAKO200211921974963)
¾ð¾î : Çѱ¹¾î |
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| ³í¹® Á¦°ø : KISTI Çѱ¹°úÇбâ¼úÁ¤º¸¿¬±¸¿ø |
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