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Çѱ¹ÇÏõȣ¼öÇÐȸ / v.42, no.2, 2009³â, pp.260-269
À§Ãµ »ó·ù¿¡ °Ç¼³ ÁßÀÎ È­ºÏ´ï »ó ÇÏ·ù ¾î·ù±ºÁý¿¡ °üÇÑ ¿¬±¸
( A Study of Fish Community on Up and Downstream of Hwabuk Dam Under Construction in the Upper Wie Stream. )
¼­Áø¿ø;±èÈñ¼º; Çѱ¹¼öÀÚ¿ø°ø»ç K-water ¿¬±¸¿ø;Çѱ¹¼öÀÚ¿ø°ø»ç K-water ¿¬±¸¿ø;
 
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º» Á¶»ç´Â ³«µ¿°­ À¯¿ªÀÇ È«¼öÇÇÇØ¸¦ Àú°¨Çϰí, °æºÏ ÁߺÎÁö¿ªÀÇ ¾ÈÁ¤ÀûÀÎ ¿ë¼ö¸¦ °ø±ÞÇϱâ À§ÇØ °æºÏ ±ºÀ§±º °í·Î¸é¿¡ °Ç¼³ ÁßÀÎ È­ºÏ´ïÀÇ »ó ÇÏ·ù ¾î·ùÁ¶»ç¸¦ ÅëÇÏ¿© ´ï °Ç¼³ÀÌ ÇÏõÀ¯¿ª¿¡ ƯÈ÷ ¼ö »ýŰ賻ÀÇ ¾î·ù±ºÁý¿¡ ¹ÌÄ¡´Â ¿µÇâÀ¯¹«¸¦ ÆÄ¾ÇÇÏ¿© Á¾ ´Ù¾ç¼ºÀ» º¸ÀüÇϰí ÇÏõÀÇ °Ç°­¼ºÀ» À¯ÁöÇϱâ À§ÇÑ ±âÃÊÀÚ·á·Î Ȱ¿ëÇϰíÀÚ ÇÏ¿´´Ù. È­ºÏ´ï »ó ÇÏ·ù¿¡¼­ »çÈÄȯ°æ¿µÇâÁ¶»ç ±â°£(2004${sim}$2008³â) Áß ÃøÁ¤µÈ ¼öÁúÇ׸ñ ºÐ¼®°á°ú ÇöÀå¿¡¼­ ÃøÁ¤ÇÑ ¼ö¿Â, ¿ëÁ¸»ê¼Ò, ¼ö¼ÒÀÌ¿Â³óµµ¿Í ½Ç³»ºÐ¼® Ç׸ñÀÎ ºÎÀ¯¹°, ÃÑ´ëÀå±Õ¼öÀÇ °æ¿ì ÁöÁ¡º°·Î ´Ù¼Ò °èÀý¿¡ µû¸¥ º¯È­¸¦ ³ªÅ¸³ÂÁö¸¸ Å« Â÷À̸¦ º¸ÀÌÁö´Â ¾Ê¾ÒÀ¸³ª À¯±â¹° ¹× ¿µ¿µ¿°·ù ³óµµ¿¡ ÇØ´çÇÏ´Â »ý¹°ÇÐÀû È­ÇÐÀû »ê¼Ò¿ä±¸·®, ¿±·Ï¼Ò, Áú¼Ò, ÀÎÀÇ °æ¿ì ÁöÁ¡º°·Î ¸Å¿ì Å« ÆøÀÇ º¯È­¸¦ º¸¿´À¸¸ç »ó·ù¿¡¼­ ´Ù¼Ò ³ô°í ÇÏ·ù¿¡¼­ ³·Àº °æÇâÀ» º¸¿´´Ù. Áß±Ý¼Ó Áß ºñ¼ÒÀÇ °æ¿ì 2005³â 6¿ù 0.092 mg $L^{-1}$¸¦ Á¦¿ÜÇϰí´Â 0.05 mg $L^{-1}$ ÀÌÇϸ¦ ³ªÅ¸³»¾î ÇÏõ¼ö ¼öÁúȯ°æ±âÁØ »ó »ç¶÷ÀÇ °Ç°­ º¸È£ Ãø¸é¿¡¼­ ±ÔÁ¤ÇÑ 0.05 mg $L^{-1}$ ÀÌÇÏÀÇ ¹üÀ§ ³»¿¡¼­ ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î È®ÀεǾú´Ù. È­ºÏ´ï »ó ÇÏ·ù¿¡¼­ ¾î·ùÁ¶»ç¸¦ ½Ç½ÃÇÑ °á°ú ÃÑ 7°ú 19Á¾ 10,263°³Ã¼°¡ È®ÀεǾú´Ù. Á¶»çµÈ ¾î·ù Áß ¿ìÁ¡Á¾Àº ÇÏõ Áß »ó·ù¿¡ ÁÖ·Î ¼­½ÄÇÏ´Â Âü°¥°Ü´Ï(62.5%)·Î È®ÀεǾúÀ¸¸ç ¾Æ¿ìÁ¡Á¾Àº ¹öµéÄ¡(10.6%)·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù. Á¶»ç ±¸°£ÀÎ À§Ãµ »ó·ù¿¡¼­ È®ÀÎµÈ 19Á¾ Áß Çѱ¹°íÀ¯Á¾Àº ±ä¸ô°³, µ¿»ç¸®, ½¬¸® µî ÃÑ 9Á¾(47.4%)À¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µÀ¸¸ç, ¸êÁ¾À§±â¾ß»ýµ¿ ½Ä¹° I±ÞÀ¸·Î ÁöÁ¤µÈ ¾ó·è»õÄڹ̲ٸ®(Koreocobitis naktongensis)°¡ ¼Ò¼öÀÇ °³Ã¼ÀÌÁö¸¸ Æ÷ȹµÇ¾ú°í, ¿Ü·¡µµÀÔÁ¾Àº È®ÀεÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. ±ºÁýºÐ¼® °á°ú ¿ìÁ¡µµ Áö¼ö´Â ÇÏ·ù·Î °¥¼ö·Ï °¨¼ÒÇÑ ¹Ý¸é¿¡ ´Ù¾çµµ, dzºÎµµ Áö¼ö´Â ÇÏ·ù·Î °¥¼ö·Ï Áõ°¡ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¿ìÁ¡Á¾ÀÎ Âü°¥°Ü´ÏÀÇ °³Ã¼±º ºÐ¼® °á°ú, ±æÀÌ-¹«°Ô »ó°ü°ü°è½ÄÀº TW=0.000003$(TL)^{3.2603}$·Î¼­ ¸Å°³º¯¼ö b°ªÀÌ 3.0º¸´Ù Å©°Ô ³ªÅ¸³ª °³Ã¼±ºÀÇ ¿µ¾ç»óŰ¡ ¾çÈ£ÇÑ °ÍÀ¸·Î ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ À¯»ç½Ã±â¿¡ ´Ù¸¥ ÇÏõ¿¡¼­ÀÇ °³Ã¼±ºµé°ú ºñ±³ºÐ¼® °á°ú sizeº° Æò±Õ ºñ´ëÁö¼ö(CF)°¡ »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î ³ôÀº °ªÀ» º¸¿© È­ºÏ´ï À¯¿ªÀÇ Âü°¥°Ü´Ï°¡ ´Ù¸¥ Áö¿ªº¸´Ù ¼ºÀå·üÀÌ ³ô¾Ò´Ù. È­ºÏ´ï »ó ÇÏ·ù¿¡¼­ ¾î·ù Á¶»ç ÀڷḦ Ȱ¿ëÇÏ¿© ÇÏõ°Ç°­¼ºÆò°¡(IBI)¸¦ Àû¿ëÇÑ °á°ú, ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ÁöÁ¡¿¡¼­ ¾çÈ£(26${sim}$35)¿¡¼­ ÃÖÀû(36${sim}$40)À» º¸¿´À¸¸ç ÁöÁ¡ 5¿¡¼­ Æò±Õ°ªÀÌ °¡Àå ³ô°Ô ³ªÅ¸³Â´Ù. ÀÌ·¯ÇÑ °á°ú¸¦ ¹ÙÅÁÀ¸·Î Áö¼ÓÀûÀÎ ¸ð´ÏÅ͸µÀ» ½Ç½ÃÇÏ¿© ¾î·ù¿¡ °üÇÑ È¯°æ¿µÇâÆò°¡¿Í ÇÏõ°Ç°­¼ºÆò°¡ µîÀ» ÅëÇÑ È­ºÏ´ï ¿Ï°ø ÈÄ »ó ÇÏ·ù ÇÏõÀÇ ¾î·ù»ó º¯È­À¯¹« ¹× ȯ°æ¿µÇâÀ» ÆÄ¾ÇÇϴµ¥ µµ¿òÀÌ µÉ °ÍÀ¸·Î »ç·áµÈ´Ù.
Hwabuk Dam has been under construction to reduce flood damage in Nakdong River watershed and to supply stable water for middle area of Gyeongbuk Province. Therefore, fish investigation in up and downstream of the dam was conducted from 2004 to 2008 in order to determine any negative effect on fish community due to dam construction and to use as fundamental data for conserving species diversity and maintaining stream health. According to data analysis on water quality, temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, suspended solids, and total E-coli had seasonal variation, but they did not significantly differ in sites. However, biological and chemical oxygen demand, chlorophyll-a, nitrogen, and phosphorus representing organic matter and nutrient concentration were higher in upper site and decreased to lower site so that they differed by site. Concentration of arsenic among the heavy metals was less than 0.05 mg $L^{-1}$, which is regulated for protection of human health in water quality standard, except for 0.092 mg $L^{-1}$ in June 2005. During the study period, the total number of fish caught from the 6 sites was 10,263 representing 7 families 19 species. Among them, dominant and subdominant species were Korean chub (Zacco koreanus, 62.5%) and Chinese minnow (Rhynchocypris oxycephalus, 10.6%) which inhabit mostly in mid and upper streams, Korea. Among the 19 species, Korean endemic species were 9 species (47.4%) including Korean slender gudgeon (Squalidus gracilis majimae), Korean dark sleeper (Odontobutis platycephala), and Korean shiner (Coreoleuciscus splendidus). There was several individuals of the $1^{st}$-class endangered species, Naktong nose loach (Koreocobitis nahtongensis), caught in 2005${sim}$2007, and no introduced species of fish was found in entire sampling period. According to result of community analysis, dominance index decreased toward lower site, but diversity and richness indices increased toward lower site. The equation of length-weight relationship on the dominant species was TW=0.000003$(TL)^{3.2603}$. The parameter b in the equation was greater than 3.0 indicating good nutritional condition in the populations. Compared to populations of Korean chub in other streams, the population in Hwabuk Dam watershed had higher mean of condition factor by size indicating better growth rate. With fish fauna and multi-metric health assessment model in each sampling attempt, index of biotic integrity (IBI) was evaluated and it resulted mostly in good (26${sim}$35) and excellent (36${sim}$40) condition in all sites, and the mean of IBI was the highest in site 5. The results indicate that it is very important to study not only environmental impact assessment with fish composition but also stream health assessment in order to conserve healthy aquatic ecosystem.
 
Ű¿öµå
dam construction;fish community;environmental impact assessment;index of biotic integrity;stream health assessment;
 
Çѱ¹ÇÏõȣ¼öÇÐȸÁö / v.42, no.2, 2009³â, pp.260-269
Çѱ¹ÇÏõȣ¼öÇÐȸ
ISSN : 1976-8087
UCI : G100:I100-KOI(KISTI1.1003/JNL.JAKO200926158875932)
¾ð¾î : Çѱ¹¾î
³í¹® Á¦°ø : KISTI Çѱ¹°úÇбâ¼úÁ¤º¸¿¬±¸¿ø
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