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Çѱ¹ÇÏõȣ¼öÇÐȸ / v.36, no.3, 2003³â, pp.356-368
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( Guidelines and Optimum Treatment for Agriculture Reuse of Reclaimed Water )
Á¤±¤¿í;ÀüÁöÈ«;ÇÔÁ¾È­;À±Ãá°æ; °Ç±¹´ëÇб³ Áö¿ª°Ç¼³È¯°æ°øÇаú;°Ç±¹´ëÇб³ Áö¿ª°Ç¼³È¯°æ°øÇаú;°Ç±¹´ëÇб³ Áö¿ª°Ç¼³È¯°æ°øÇаú;°Ç±¹´ëÇб³ Áö¿ª°Ç¼³È¯°æ°øÇаú;
 
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º» ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­´Â ±¹Á¦ÀûÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëÇϰí ÀÖ´Â ³ó¾÷¿ë¼ö ÀçÀÌ¿ë ¼öÁú±âÁØÀ» °ËÅäÇÏ°í ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó Çϼöó¸® ¹æ·ù¼öÀÇ ÀçÀÌ¿ë °¡´É¼º¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿© °íÂûÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, ÀçÀÌ¿ë¼ö·ÎÀÌ¿ëÇϱâ À§ÇØ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ Ã³¸®´ë¾È¿¡ ½ÇÇè ${cdot}$ ¿¬±¸ÇÑ °á°úÀÌ´Ù. Biofilter À¯Ãâ¼ö¸¦ 17, 25, 40WÀÇ 3°¡Áö ·¥ÇÁ·Î UV¼Òµ¶ÇÑ °á°ú 40W ·¥ÇÁ¿¡¼­´Â ¸ðµç °æ¿ì¿¡ 100%¼Òµ¶µÇ¾úÀ¸¸ç, 25 W¿Í 17 W¿¡¼­´Â Àü¹ÝÀûÀ¸·Î 97%ÀÌ»ó ¼Òµ¶È¿À²À» ³ªÅ¸³»¾úÀ¸¸ç, ÀûÀýÇÏ°Ô ¼³°èµÈ UV¼Òµ¶À» °ÅÄ£ Çϼöó¸®Àå À¯Ãâ¼ö´Â USEPA¿Í WHOÀÇ °¡Àå ¾ö°ÝÇÑ ¼öÁú±âÁØÀ» ÃæºÐÈ÷ ¸¸Á·½ÃÄѼ­ º¸°Ç ${cdot}$ À§»ýÀûÀÎ ¹®Á¦¸¦ ÀÏÀ¸Å°Áö ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀ¸·Î ÆÇ´ÜµÈ´Ù. °£Çæ ºÐ»ç¹æ½ÄÀÇ ¿Ï¼Ó¸ð·¡¿©°ú ó¸®ÈÄ ¹Ì»ý¹°ÀÇ Ã³¸®È¿À²Àº TC, FC, E. coli ¸ðµÎ Æò±Õ 95% ÀÌ»ó ³ôÀº ó¸® È¿À²À» ³ªÅ¸³»¾úÀ¸¸ç, ¿Ï¼Ó¸ð·¡¿©°ú ÈÄÀÇ Æò±Õ ³óµµ´Â °¢°¢ 330, 207, 154 MPN/100 mLÀ̾ú°í ʵµ¿Í SS´Â ¸ðµÎ ¾à 50%ÀÇ Ã³¸®È¿À²À» ³ªÅ¸³»¾ú´Âµ¥, ÀÌ´Â WHOÀÇ ¼öÁú±âÁØÀ» ÃæºÐÈ÷ ¸¸Á·½ÃÄ×À¸¸ç, USEPAÀÇ ¼öÁú±âÁØÀÎ 200FC/100mLÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡µµ ÀûÀýÇÑ °ü¸®°¡ ÀÌ·ç¾î Áú °æ¿ì ¸¸Á·½Ãų ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀ¸·Î ÆÇ´ÜµÈ´Ù. ʵµ´Â Æò±Õ 0.8NTU·Î½á ¸Ô´Â¹° ¼öÁú±âÁØÀÎ INTU¼öÁØÀ̾ú°í, SSÀÇ °æ¿ì¿¡µµ 50% ÀÌ»óÀÇ Ã³¸®È¿À²À» ³ªÅ¸³»¾î USEPAÀÇ °¡Àå ¾ö°ÝÇÑ ¼öÁú±âÁØÀ» ÃæºÐÈ÷ ¸¸Á·ÇÏ¿´À¸¸ç, ¿µ¾ç¹°ÁúÀÇ Á¦°Å¿¡µµ ±â¿©¸¦ Çϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ¼ö°èÀÇ ¿À¿°ºÎÇϸ¦ ÁÙÀÌ´Â Ãø¸é¿¡¼­µµ À¯¸®ÇÒ °ÍÀ¸·Î »ý°¢µÈ´Ù. ¿¬¸ø½Ã½ºÅÛÀ» °ÅÄ¡¸é¼­ TC, FC, E. coli ¸ðµÎ 85%Á¤µµ Á¦°ÅµÇ¾î Æò±Õ¹Ì»ý¹°³óµµ°¡ 1,000MPN/100 m1 ÀÌÇÏÀ̾ú´Ù. ¿ì¸®³ª¶óÀÇ ¼öÁú±âÁØÀ¸·Î WHO ¼öÁú±âÁØÀÌ ³í³ó»ç¿¡ Àû¿ëµÉ °æ¿ì ¼Òµ¶À̳ª ¿©°úó¸® ¾øÀ̵µ ÀçÀÌ¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀ̶ó ÆÇ´ÜµÇ³ª, USEPAÀÇ ¼öÁú±âÁØÀÌ Àû¿ëµÉ °æ¿ì¿¡´Â ¿¬¸ø½Ã½ºÅÛ¸¸À¸·Îµµ ºÎÁ·ÇÏ¿© Ãß°¡ÀûÀΠ󸮰¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÒ °ÍÀ¸·Î »ý°¢µÈ´Ù. °ú°Å US EPAÀÇ À§ÇèÀ» ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ ¹èÁ¦ÇÑ ¼öÁú±âÁØÀ» ¿©·¯ ±¹°¡¿¡¼­ ¹Þ¾Æµé¿© »ç¿ëÇϰí ÀÖÀ¸³ª, WHO¿¡¼­´Â À̼öÁú±âÁØÀÌ °æÁ¦ ${cdot}$ »çȸÀûÀ¸·Î ºÒÇÕ¸®ÇÑ ±âÁØÀ̶ó ÆÇ´ÜÇÏ°í º¸´Ù ¿ÏÈ­µÈ ¼öÁú±âÁØÀ» Á¦½ÃÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó¿¡¼­µµ ¼öÁú±âÁØÀ» °áÁ¤ÇÒ ¶§ ³í³ó»ç¶ó´Â Ư¼öÇÑ ½ÇÁ¤¿¡ ¸Â´Â ¼öÁú ±âÁØÀ» Á¤ÇØ °æÁ¦ÀûÀÌ°í ½Ç¿ëÀûÀΠ󸮹æ¹ýÀ» ¼±Á¤ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀÌ Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù°í ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. º­ÀÇ °æ¿ì´Â ²®Áú°ú Ãß°¡ÀûÀΠó¸® ÈÄ ¼·ÃëÇÏ´Â ÀÛ¹°À̱⠶§¹®¿¡ ¾ö°ÝÇÑ ¼öÁú±âÁØÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏÁö ¾ÊÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸³ª, Àå±â°£ ´ã¼ö»óŸ¦ À¯ÁöÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ³ó¹ÎÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ °øÁߺ¸°Ç¿¡ À§ÇؼºÀ» ÁÙ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ Å©¹Ç·Î ¼¼±Õ¼º¹Ì»ý¹° µî¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ½ÅÁßÇÑ °áÁ¤ÀÌ ÇÊ¿äÇÏ´Ù.
Water quality of effluent from wastewater treatment plants (WWTPS) was reviewed to examine the feasibility of agricultural reuse using USEPA and WHO guidelines. It might meet the guidelines for BOD and SS, however, the most critical microbiological concentration was too high and further treatment is required. The pilot study of three treatments were performed to reduce microbiological concentrations. The UV irradiation was proved to be very effective in disinfection of secondary level effluent, and about 30 mW ${cdot}$ s/$cm^2$ of dose was suggested to meet the even most stringent USEPA guidelines. Slow sand filter demonstrated effective removal of bacteria, and effluent concentration of total coliform (TC), fecal coliform (FC), and E. coli. dropped from about 10,000/100 mL to 300, 200, and 150 MPN/100 mL, respectively, showing over 95% removal. These level of bacterial concentration sufficiently meet the WHO guidelines ($10^3;{sim};10^5$ FC/100 mL), and could meet the more stringent USEPA guidelines (200 FC/100 mL) if properly applied. Slow sand filter also provided about 50% removal of SS, turbidity, and BOD in addition to bacterial removal. The removal efficiency of pond system was relatively poor, but still showed over 85% removal and effluent concentration of TC, FC, and E. coli was all below 10,000/100 mL. The pond system alone could meet the WHO guidelines, but hardly meet the USEPA guidelines and further treatment might be necessary. Overall, three methods evaluated in the study treat the effluent to meet the WHO microbiological guidelines for agricultural reuse. The UV disinfection and slow sand filter might also could the USEPA guidelines, while the pond system can hardly meet the USEPA guidelines if applied alone. The WHO and USEPA guidelines were made based on data from upland field agricultural system and may not be directly applicable to the paddy field agricultural system. Therefore, national standards for agricultural reuse of reclaimed water should be made considering domestic agricultural systems as well as international guidelines. Also, further investigation is recommended to develop optimum and feasible treatment measures for agricultural reuse of effluent from WWTPs.
 
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UV-disinfection;intermittent slow sand filter;pond system;wastewater reclamation;water reuse;guidelines for water reuse;microorganism;
 
Çѱ¹ÇÏõȣ¼öÇÐȸÁö / v.36, no.3, 2003³â, pp.356-368
Çѱ¹ÇÏõȣ¼öÇÐȸ
ISSN : 1976-8087
UCI : G100:I100-KOI(KISTI1.1003/JNL.JAKO200318317181651)
¾ð¾î : Çѱ¹¾î
³í¹® Á¦°ø : KISTI Çѱ¹°úÇбâ¼úÁ¤º¸¿¬±¸¿ø
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