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Çѱ¹È¯°æ»ý¹°ÇÐȸ / v.22, no.2, 2004³â, pp.259-264
Á¢±Ù±ÔÁ¦¿Í ÀÌÀͰøÀ¯¸¦ À§ÇÑ È¿À²ÀûÀÎ »ý¹°À¯ÀüÀÚ¿ø °ü¸® ¹æ¾È
( Management of Korean Biological Resources for Access Regulation and Benefit-sharing )
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»ý¹°´Ù¾ç¼ºÇù¾à¿¡¼­ ±¹°¡ »ý¹°À¯ÀüÀÚ¿øÀÇ ÁÖ±ÇÀ» ÀÎÁ¤ÇÔ¿¡ µû¶ó ±¹°¡º°·Î »ý¹°À¯ÀüÀÚ¿øÀÇ °ü¸®¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¹ýÀûÀΠü°è¸¦ °®Ãß¾î¾ß ÇÒ ½Ã±â°¡ µµ·¡ÇÏ¿´´Ù. »ý¹°À¯ÀüÀÚ¿øÀÇ °ü¸®¿¡ À־ °¡Àå Áß¿äÇÑ ´Ü°è°¡ Á¢±Ù°ú »ý¹°ÀÚ¿ø¿¡¼­ ÆÄ»ýÇÏ´Â ÀÌÀͰøÀ¯ÀÌ´Ù. Á¦6Â÷ »ý¹°´Ù¾ç¼ºÇù¾à ´ç»ç±¹ ȸÀÇ¿¡¼­ äÅÃµÈ º» ÁöħÀº Á¢±Ù°ú ÀÌÀͰøÀ¯°úÁ¤¿¡¼­ ÇʼöÀûÀÎ »óÈ£ÇÕÀÇÁ¶°Ç°ú »çÀüÅ뺸½ÂÀÎÁ¦µµ¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. »óÈ£ÇÕÀÇÁ¶°ÇÀº ¿ø»ê±¹°ú ÀÌ¿ë ½Çü°£ÀÇ °è¾à ÇùÁ¤ÀÌ°í »çÀüÅ뺸½ÂÀÎÁ¦µµ´Â »ý¹°ÀÚ¿ø Á¢±Ù Àü¿¡ ½ÂÀÎÇÏ´Â °Í°ú °ü·ÃµÈ »ý¹°À¯ÀüÀÚ¿ø °ü·Ã ƯÀÌ Á¦µµÀÌ´Ù. ¾Æ¿ï·¯ ±¹°¡¿¬¶ô±â°ü°ú ±¹°¡Ã¥ÀÓ±â°üÀÇ Ã¥ÀÓ, À¯ÀÎÁ¶Ä¡ µî¿¡ °üÇÑ ³»¿ëÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇϰí ÀÖ´Ù. ¿ì¸®³ª¶óÀÇ »ý¹°À¯ÀüÀÚ¿ø Á¢±Ù °ü·Ã ¹ý·üÀ» ºÐ¼®ÇØ º¼ ¶§, »ý¹°À¯ÀüÀÚ¿ø¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ÀÌÀͰøÀ¯¿Í ƯÇã±Ç ¹®Á¦°¡ °í·ÁµÇ¾î ÀÖÁö ¾Ê´Ù. »ý¹°À¯ÀüÀÚ¿ø Á¢±Ù±ÔÁ¦¿Í ü°èÀûÀÎ °ü¸®¸¦ À§Çؼ­ Á¤º¸ À¯¿ëÈ­ ¹× °ø°³, ÁöÀûÀç»ê±ÇÀ» Á¶ÀýÇÏ´Â ±â°ü°ú ±âŸ ÀÌÇØ°ü°èÀÚÀÇ Á¶Á¤À» À§ÇÑ ±¹°¡°üÇÒ±â°üÀÇ ¿ªÇÒÀÌ Áß¿äÇÏ´Ù. ´Ù¸¸, ÀÌ·± ±¹°¡Àû Á¢±Ù±ÔÁ¦°¡ »ý¹°´Ù¾ç¼º°ü·Ã ¿¬±¸¸¦ ÀúÇØÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Æ¾ß ÇÏ°í »ý¹°´Ù¾ç¼ºÇù¾àÀÇ ¸ñÀûÀÎ »ý¹°´Ù¾ç¼ºÀÇ º¸Á¸°ú Áö¼Ó °¡´ÉÇÑ À̿뿡 À§¹èµÇ¾î¼­´Â ¾È µÉ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
Convention on Biological Diversity has authorized national sovereignty over biological resources so that legislative framework should be established. In biological resources management, the access to biological resources and the benefit sharing arising out of their utilization are two most important steps. Bonn guidelines adopted by the 6th COP of the Convention on Biological Diversity contain MAT (Mutually Agreed Terms) and PIC (Prior Informed Consent) indispensable to implement the access and benefit-sharing process. MAT is contractual agreement between provider countries and use entities while PIC is a specific measure associated with consent prior to access to biological resources. Moreover, the guidelines include the responsibilities of national focal point and competent national authority, incentives and so on. Our laws related to access to biological resources have no items on benefit-sharing and intellectual property rights. The role of the competent national authority is very important to coordinate the organization controlling information availability, opening to the public, and intellectual property rights with other stakeholders. But, the national regulations must not interfere with academic studies on biological diversity and disobey the two objectives of the Convention on Biological Diversity, the conservation of biological diversity and its sustainable use.
 
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access regulation;benefit-sharing;Bonn guidelines;Convention on Biological Diversity, MAT;PIC structure;
 
ȯ°æ»ý¹° / v.22, no.2, 2004³â, pp.259-264
Çѱ¹È¯°æ»ý¹°ÇÐȸ
ISSN : 1226-9999
UCI : G100:I100-KOI(KISTI1.1003/JNL.JAKO200411922362212)
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