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Çѱ¹¼öÀÚ¿øÇÐȸ / v.43, no.6, 2010³â, pp.583-595
¿ì¸®³ª¶ó °¡»ó¼ö·® »êÁ¤¹æ¹ýÀÇ Àû¿ë¼º Æò°¡
( Evaluation of Virtual Water Calculation Method in Korea )
¾ÈÀçÇö;ÀÌÀç±Ù;À̽ÂÈ£;È«ÀÏÇ¥; ¼­°æ´ëÇб³ Åä¸ñ°øÇаú;¼­°æ´ëÇб³ µµ½Ãȯ°æ½Ã½ºÅÛ°øÇаú;°í·Á´ëÇб³ ±¹Á¦´ëÇпø;Çѱ¹°Ç¼³±â¼ú¿¬±¸¿ø ¼öÀÚ¿ø¿¬±¸½Ç;
 
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°¡»ó¼ö(Ê£ßÌâ©, Virtual Water)¶õ ÀÏÁ¤·®ÀÇ ³ó»ê¹°, Ãà»ê¹°, °ø»êǰ°ú °°Àº »ý»êǰ ȤÀº ¼­ºñ½º Á¦°ø¿¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ¹°ÀǾçÀ» ¶æÇÏ´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î 1990³â´ë ÃÊ¹Ý Tony Allan ±³¼ö°¡ óÀ½ Á¦½ÃÇÏ¿´´Ù. º» ¿¬±¸´Â Chapagain and Hoekstra (2004)ÀÌ Á¦½ÃÇÑ ³óÃà»ê¹° ¹× °ø»êǰÀÇ ´ÜÀ§ °¡»ó¼ö·® »êÁ¤¹æ¹ýÀ» ºÐ¼® ¹× Àû¿ëÇÏ¿© 1998³âºÎÅÍ 2007³â±îÁö ¿ì¸®³ª¶óÀÇ °¡»ó¼ö ¼öÃâÀÔ·®À» »êÁ¤ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ °¡»ó¼ö ¼öÃâÀÔÀ» ±¹°¡°£ Á¤·®È­ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý·ÐÀ¸·Î ¹°¹ßÀÚ±¹(Water Footprint) ÀÌ·ÐÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿´´Ù. ±×¸®°í 2006³â ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó ³óÀÛ¹° »ý»ê·®¿¡ ´ÜÀ§ °¡»ó¼ö·®À» Àû¿ëÇÏ¿© ¼öÀÚ¿øÀå±âÁ¾ÇÕ°èȹ(°Ç¼³±³ÅëºÎ, 2006)ÀÇ ³ó¾÷¿ë¼ö ¼ö¿ä·®°ú ºñ±³ÇÔÀ¸·Î½á ´ÜÀ§ °¡»ó¼ö »ç¿ëÀÇ ÀûÀý¼ºÀ» °ËÅäÇÏ¿´´Ù. ¿¬±¸°á°ú ÇöÀç ¿ì¸®³ª¶ó´Â ¿¬Æò±Õ 320¾ï $m^3$ÀÇ °¡»ó¼ö¸¦ ³óÃà»ê¹° ¹× °ø»êǰÀÇ ¹«¿ªÀ» ÅëÇÏ¿© ¼ø¼öÀÔÇϰí ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ±× ¾çÀº Áö¼ÓÀûÀ¸·Î Áõ°¡Ãß¼¼¸¦ º¸À̰í ÀÖ´Ù. »ý»êµÇ´Â ³óÀÛ¹°ÀÇ °¡»ó¼ö·®°ú ³ó¾÷¿ë¼ö ¼ö¿ä·®ÀÇ Â÷ÀÌ´Â ¾à 6¾ï $m^3$À¸·Î¼­ Àüü ¼ö¿ä·®ÀÌ ¾à 160¾ï $m^3$ÀÎ Á¡À» °¨¾ÈÇÑ´Ù¸é »ó´ëÀûÀ¸·Î ±Ù¼ÒÇÑ Â÷À̷μ­ º» ¿¬±¸¿¡¼­ Àû¿ëÇÑ ´ÜÀ§ °¡»ó¼ö·® »êÁ¤¹æ¹ýÀÌ Å¸´çÇÔÀ» ÀÔÁõÇÏ¿´´Ù.
Virtual water is defined as the volume of water to produce commodities and provide services, which has been developed by Tony Allan since the early 1990s. This research aims to evaluate a volume of virtual water trade in Korea from 1998 to 2007 by applying the evaluation method of unit virtual water volume to agricultural, live stock and industrial products, which is developed by Chapagain and Hoekstra (2004). Also, the concept of water footprint is deployed to quantify the volume of virtual water trade between countries. The study attempts to assess the appropriateness of the evaluation method of unit virtual water volume by employing the method to calculate the total amount of agricultural products in Korea and comparing this with the amount of agricultural water demand in the Korea Water Vision 2006. The research outcome shows that Korea has a net virtual water import of 32 billion $m^3$ on average in the form of agricultural, live stock and industrial commodities whose volume gradually increases. The gap between the volume of virtual water import of agricultural and live stock commodities and the total volume of agricultural water use reaches approximately 600 million $m^3$. This figure can be negligible considering the total volume of water demand in Korea, around 16 billion $m^3$, which demonstrates the validity of the evaluation method in terms of analyzing water balance.
 
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°¡»ó¼ö;°¡»ó¼ö ¼öÃâÀÔ·®;¹°¹ßÀÚ±¹;¹° ¼öÁö;virtual water;water trade;water footprint;water budget;
 
Çѱ¹¼öÀÚ¿øÇÐȸ³í¹®Áý / v.43, no.6, 2010³â, pp.583-595
Çѱ¹¼öÀÚ¿øÇÐȸ
ISSN : 1226-6280
UCI : G100:I100-KOI(KISTI1.1003/JNL.JAKO201020065114618)
¾ð¾î : Çѱ¹¾î
³í¹® Á¦°ø : KISTI Çѱ¹°úÇбâ¼úÁ¤º¸¿¬±¸¿ø
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